三个线粒体基因组的chrysochroinae (Coleoptera,Buprestidae) 和植物遗传学分析
Bowen Ouyang1, Xuyan Huang1, Yujie Gan1
1College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China.
Genes
|October 26, 2024
概括
三种Chrysochroinae物种的线粒体基因组测序揭示了保存的基因内容和组织. 该研究建议使用cox1基因作为分子条形码,并建议重新分类Catoxantha.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物多样性 生物多样性
背景情况:
- 克里索克罗伊那亚科 (Buprestidae) 是一群多样化的甲虫,但它们的进化关系和遗传多样性尚未完全理解.
- 线粒体基因组是用于植物遗传学分析和理解昆虫进化过程的宝贵工具.
研究的目的:
- 测序和分析Chrysochroinae亚家族中的三种物种的完整线粒体基因组.
- 为了研究这些线粒基因组的遗传组成,基因顺序和代码子的使用.
- 评估线粒体基因,特别是cox1,对于物种划分和在Chrysochroinae中更高层次的分类的遗传学效用.
主要方法:
- 三种代表性Chrysochroinae物种的全基因组测序: *Catoxantha luodiana*, *Nipponobuprestis guangxiensis* 和 *Chrysochroa opulenta*. 这些物种的基因组测序包括:
- 完整的线粒体基因组的生物信息分析,包括基因注释,长度和组成分析以及密码体使用模式.
- 用线粒体蛋白质编码基因进行遗传学分析,以推断进化关系.
主要成果:
- 成功测序了 *C. luodiana*, *N. guangxiensis* 和 *C. opulenta* 的完整线粒体基因组,其长度从15587至15775个pb.
- 这三个基因组都编码了37个典型的线粒体基因,表现出保存的基因顺序和组成,ATN是共同的起始编码子,TAR或不完整的T-是停止编码子.
- 对Ka/Ks比率的分析表明,*cox1*具有最低的比率,表明强大的选择性压力和适合作为分子条形码,而*atp6*显示了最高的比率.
- 遗传学重建将*C. luodiana*和两个*Chrysochroa*物种放在一个单一的分类中,支持将*Catoxantha*重新分配为*Chrysochroa*的亚属.
结论:
- 首次报告了 *Catoxantha * 和 * Nipponobuprestis * 的线粒体基因组,扩大了 Chrysochroinae 的基因组资源.
- *cox1*基因已被证实是可靠的分子标记物,用于该亚家族的遗传学研究和物种划分.
- 遗传学证据支持对 *Catoxantha * 作为 * Chrysochroa * 中的一个亚属的分类修订,这反映了它们的密切进化关系.
相关概念视频
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
12.0K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.0K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
7.5K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.5K
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.0K
02:19Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
3.6K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.6K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.2K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.2K