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Giuseppe Di Gioia^1,2, Armando Ferrera^1,3, Francesca Vespasiano⁴

¹Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy.

Journal of clinical medicine

|October 26, 2024

概括

奥运会田径运动员的心脏改造在每项赛事上有所不同. 短跑者表现出正常的心脏几何形状,而中长距离跑者表现出古怪的心脏重塑,表明学科特定的适应.

科学领域:

运动心脏病学运动心脏病学
运动生理学运动生理学
进行心脏重塑.

背景情况:

跑步比赛的训练 (冲刺,中长距离,长距离) 在强度,持续时间和代谢要求方面各不相同.
了解精英运动员的心脏适应对于表现和健康至关重要.
田径运动员代表着一个具有独特生理要求的多元群体.

研究的目的:

调查奥运会田径运动员在各种比赛距离内心重塑的差异.
为了比较短跑者,中距离和长距离跑者中的形态功能性心脏参数.
确定跑步纪律与心脏结构变化之间的潜在相关性.

主要方法:

评估了140名奥运会田径运动员 (52.1%是男性,平均年龄为26.3±4.3岁).
根据跑步距离将运动员分为四组:冲刺 (100-200米),400米,中距离 (800-3000米) 和远距离 (5000米+).
用过胸前心电回声和运动压力测试进行参与前查.

主要成果:

短跑者 (A组) 和400米跑者 (B组) 主要表现出正常的心脏几何 (89.1%和91.2%,分别).
超过一半的中距离 (C组,52%) 和长距离跑步者 (D组65.7%) 经历了古怪的心脏重塑.
在左心室喷射分数 (LVEF),透析功能或每周训练时间之间没有观察到显著的差异.

结论:

慢跑运动员的心脏重塑是取决于纪律的.
短跑者表现出最少的心脏重塑,而中长距离跑者显示最显著的心室和心房尺寸的增加.
这些发现突出了对不同训练和代谢需求的特定生理适应.

关键词:

在奥运会上,奥林匹克运动会的奥林匹克运动会.运动员的心脏田径运动田径运动进行心脏重塑.超声心电图 (Echocardiography) 是一种心声回声仪.运动强度运动强度足球比赛足球比赛代谢需求代谢需求冲刺冲刺冲刺冲刺冲刺

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