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职业运动员的能量可用性和身体组成:同一枚硬币的两面
Roberto Palazzo1, Tommaso Parisi1, Sara Rosa1
1Sports Medicine Centre, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
Nutrients
|October 26, 2024
概括
耐力运动员的能量可用性 (EA) 比橄球运动员要低,原因是限制性饮食,尽管保持健康的身体组成. 需要对低EA影响进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 能量的可用性 (EA) 对运动员的健康和表现至关重要.
- 在各种体育学科中,营养行为有很大差异.
- 了解EA的变化是优化运动结果的关键.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较耐力运动员与橄球运动员的能量可用性 (EA) 水平.
- 在这些不同的运动群体中调查EA和身体组成之间的关系.
- 为了确定耐力运动员和橄球运动员之间的营养行为差异.
主要方法:
- 涉及18名耐力运动员和36名橄球运动员.
- 采用了采访,问卷和生物阻抗分析来收集数据.
- 使用能量摄入量 (EI) 和运动能量消耗 (EEE) 相对于无脂肪质量 (FFM) 的计算能量可用性 (EA).
主要成果:
- 与橄球运动员 (35.44 kcal/kg FFM) 相比,耐力运动员的EA显著降低 (11.72 kcal/kg FFM).
- 耐力运动员表现出更严格的营养模式,具有较低的EI和较高的EEE.
- 尽管EA有差异,但两组都保持了正常范围内的身体成分.
结论:
- 耐力运动员的营养限制比橄球运动员更大.
- 虽然身体成分保持健康,但低EA值得进一步调查.
- 低于45kcal/kg FFM/day的EA对表现和受伤风险的长期影响需要研究.
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