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相关概念视频

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
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Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
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Laboratory Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals from a Rapeseed Oil through Catalytic Cracking Conversion
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通过Ni/Al2O3的催化裂变来有效地去污染托卢和利用资源.

Yifei Niu1, Xiaolong Ma2, Guangyi Lu1

  • 1Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2024
PubMed
概括

本研究介绍了一种Ni/Al2O3催化剂,用于有效地去除挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) - - 二烯. 该过程将多转化为有价值的碳材料和无二氧化碳的,有助于环境修复和资源回收.

关键词:
没有COx的无氧化.在Ni/Al2O3催化剂中.挥发性有机化合物 挥发性有机化合物碳纳米纤维的碳纳米纤维多烯的热解.

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科学领域:

  • 环境化学环境化学
  • 催化剂是一种催化剂.
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs),特别是烯等芳香碳化合物,由于毒性和对二次污染物形成的贡献,对环境构成重大危害.
  • 有效的补救策略对于减轻与VOCs相关的环境风险至关重要.
  • 从污染物降解中回收资源符合循环经济原则.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究二烯的催化热解,以便有效地去除和资源回收.
  • 开发和描述用于VOC整治的Ni/Al2O3催化剂.
  • 为了优化托洛分解和产生有价值产品的条件.

主要方法:

  • 通过浸合成Ni/Al2O3催化剂.
  • 使用SEM,XRD和N2吸附-脱附的催化剂和产品的表征.
  • 催化热解实验以确定烯去除效率,碳材料产量和生产.
  • 反应温度的优化.反应温度的优化.

主要成果:

  • Ni/Al2O3催化剂在700°C时有效地分解了二烯.
  • 在最佳条件下,可以去除1328 mg/g的,得到915 mg/g的碳物质和1234 mL/g的无COx.
  • 回收的碳材料由具有高表面积的中孔石墨纳米纤维组成,适合吸附,催化和储能.

结论:

  • 使用Ni/Al2O3的催化热解提供了一种有前途的方法,用于二烯整治和资源回收.
  • 该过程将有害的VOC转化为有价值的固体碳和.
  • 这种方法通过将污染物转化为可用的材料来支持绿色化学和循环经济的目标.