2023年,西班牙北部吉普斯科亚地区爆发百日咳疫情
José María Marimón1, Milagrosa Montes1, Nahikari Vizuete2
1Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Infectious Diseases Area, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
Vaccines
|October 26, 2024
概括
2023年吉普斯科亚的百日咳发病率急剧上升,主要影响青少年. 在COVID-19期间免疫力下降和血液循环减少可能导致了这种复苏.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 百日咳 (百日咳) 在全球范围内出现了复苏,尽管疫苗接种广泛.
- 在2023年期间,西班牙吉普斯科亚 (Gipuzkoa) 观察到咳病例的增加,特别影响了11-15岁的青少年.
研究的目的:
- 分析2018年至2023年间吉普斯科亚地区百日咳病例的发生率和特征.
- 为了研究2023年爆发的Bordetella pertussis分离物的基因组概况.
主要方法:
- 包括通过PCR诊断的鼻切片中确诊的百日咳病例.
- 从2023年开始,对7个Bordetella pertussis分离物进行了基因组测序.
主要成果:
- 从2018年到2023年,共有884例 pertussis病例被诊断出来. 在2023年,发病率上升至每10万人的56.8例,其中11-15岁的年龄组显示出最高的发病率 (409.3).
- 2023年的7个分离物共享了一个相同的等位基组合 (BPagST-4:ptxA1/ptxP3/prn2/fim2-1/fim3-1) 并表达了抗原.
- 在幼儿 (<6岁) 中,住院治疗是罕见的,并没有报告死亡.
结论:
- 在最后一剂儿童疫苗接种后免疫力下降是可能的因素.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,Bordetella pertussis的流通减少可能导致了易感性增加和随后的病例增加.
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