使用无名的指标估计性别:DSP2方法的测试
Kate M Lesciotto1, Alexandra R Klales2
1University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
Journal of forensic sciences
|October 26, 2024
概括
诊断性概率 2 (DSP2) 方法显示,高精度的性别估计从无名骨在美国人口. 然而,法医人类学家应该谨慎地使用特定的测量方法,并在需要时考虑替代方法.
科学领域:
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 人类骨科人类骨科
背景情况:
- 性别估计对于从骨遗骸中构建生物概况至关重要.
- 无名骨具有高度的性别二态性,因此非常适合用于性别估计.
- 2017年更新为DSP2的诊断性概率 (DSP) 方法使用了10个无名测量,但需要在不同人群中进行验证.
研究的目的:
- 评估DSP2方法在一个大规模的现代美国骨样本中进行性别估计的可靠性和准确性.
- 评估DSP2测量的观察者内部和观察者间误差.
- 在美国背景下确定DSP2的分类准确性和潜在偏差.
主要方法:
- 两个独立观察员从174个美国无名标本中收集了10个DSP2指标,对人口统计数据视而不见.
- 对所有测量结果的观察者内部和观察者间可靠性进行了分析.
- 评估了分类准确性,后置概率值和性别偏差.
主要成果:
- 在大多数DSP2测量中发现了可接受的观察者内部和观察者间协议,除了IIMT.
- 两位观察员的分类准确度始终超过95%.
- 观察到一个包容性性别偏见,男性更频繁地达到0.95后方概率值.
结论:
- DSP2在美国人口中显示出高精度的性别估计,这表明它有可能纳入案例工作.
- 建议排除IIMT测量,并谨慎使用SPU测量.
- 对于未达到DSP2后方概率值的情况,需要进一步调查和补充方法.
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