与下肢动脉疾病有关的饮食和运动
Aleš Blinc1,2, Kosmas I Paraskevas3, Agata Stanek4
1Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia - ales.blinc@kclj.si.
概括
坚持地中海饮食 (MeD) 可能会降低外围动脉疾病 (PAD) 的风险. 结合健康的行为,包括体力活动和饮食,是预防PAD和改善结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 地中海饮食 (MeD) 的坚持与在观察性和随机试验中减少外周动脉疾病 (PAD) /下肢动脉疾病 (LEAD) 的发生率有关.
- 坚持MeD显示了对主要不良心血管事件的二次预防的潜力,尽管在更大的试验中尚未确认.
- 素食主义者,素食主义者或基因饮食对PAD/LEAD发病率和结果的影响在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 审查与周围动脉疾病 (PAD) /下肢动脉疾病 (LEAD) 相关的饮食模式和身体活动的现有证据.
- 探索各种饮食和身体活动水平在PAD/LEAD预防和管理中的作用.
- 综合有关结合健康行为对心血管健康和PAD/LEAD的有效性的发现.
主要方法:
- 对观察性试验和随机对照试验的文献综述.
- 对研究的分析,研究饮食,体重指数,体力活动和PAD/LEAD之间的关系.
- 综合关于营养状况的预后价值和运动干预措施的益处的证据.
主要成果:
- 地中海饮食 (MeD) 与减少PAD/LEAD发病率和改善心血管结果有关.
- 腹部肥胖与PAD/LEAD有关,但在超重个体 (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) 中观察到的发病率最低.
- 习惯性体力活动 (PA) 带来健康益处;较低的运动水平与更普遍的PAD/LEAD相关. 监督步行训练是间歇性音的推第一线治疗方法.
结论:
- 健康行为组合,包括遵守地中海饮食和定期体育活动,在预防PAD/LEAD方面比单个成分更有效.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清特定饮食 (素食,素食,) 对PAD/LEAD的影响.
- 改变生活方式,特别是饮食和运动,在PAD/LEAD的初级和二级预防中起着至关重要的作用.
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