伊朗目前的吸烟者对患肺癌和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的不现实的风险看法:一个横截面研究
Fatemeh Zarghami1,2, Abdolhalim Rajabi3, Reza Abed-Tazehabadi4
1University of Limerick, Castletroy, V94 T9PX, Limerick, Ireland.
Scientific reports
|October 28, 2024
概括
吸烟者往往低估了他们患肺癌和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的风险. 较低的教育水平和晚年开始吸烟与较低的感知风险有关,突出需要更好的公共卫生宣传活动.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 吸烟是可预防死亡的主要原因,与肺癌和COPD等严重疾病有关.
- 许多吸烟者缺乏全面了解与他们的习惯相关的重大健康风险.
- 评估感知风险对于开发有效的戒烟干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查当前吸烟者患肺癌和COPD的感知风险.
- 识别与不同程度的风险感知相关的人口和行为因素.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息,旨在提高人们对吸烟相关疾病的认识.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及380名目前吸烟者的横截面研究于2023年1月至5月期间进行.
- 数据是通过面对面采访收集的,使用关于风险感知,变化阶段和尼古丁依赖的验证问卷.
- 采用多重线性回归分析来检查变量与感知风险之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 较低的教育程度 (小学和中学水平) 与较高的肺癌感知风险显著相关.
- 20岁或更晚开始吸烟与较低的肺癌感知风险有关.
- 较低的教育程度和特定的就业状况 (雇主,家庭主妇) 与 COPD 的感知风险更高相关.
- 总的来说,参与者对自己患上这些吸烟相关疾病的风险的感知相对较低.
结论:
- 目前的吸烟者往往对自己患肺癌和COPD的风险的感知很低.
- 教育背景和开始吸烟的年龄是影响风险感知的关键因素.
- 迫切需要有针对性的干预措施来提高人们对吸烟相关健康危害的认识,并促进戒烟.
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