怪物的逻辑:基于干细胞的胚胎模型中的发育和形态多样性
Dominica Cao1, Sumit Garai2,3, James DiFrisco2
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Interface focus
|October 28, 2024
概括
基于干细胞的胚胎模型 (SEMs) 探索了比自然胚胎更广泛的发育可能性. 将这些模型视为"怪物"揭示了隐藏的发展规则和塑造生命的约束.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化的发育生物学 (Evo-Devo)
- 干细胞研究的研究.
背景情况:
- 有机体和基于干细胞的胚胎模型 (SEMs) 与体内系统相比,提供了对生物形式 (形态空间) 的扩展观点.
- 早期的evo-devo工作,特别是Pere Alberch的"怪物的逻辑"概念,为解释异常发展提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 通过Alberch的发展"怪物"来解释SEM,以了解发展约束.
- 探索SEM如何阐明正常胚胎发育的基本原则.
主要方法:
- 概念分析将SEM生物学与阿尔伯赫的evo-devo原则相结合.
- 讨论SEM作为探索形态空间和发展规则的实验工具.
主要成果:
- 被视为"怪物"的SEM揭示了对发展变异性,内部与外部约束,边界条件和强度的见解.
- 提出SEM的"怪异性"是揭示隐藏的发展约束和模式规则的关键.
结论:
- SEM是扩大开发形态空间探索的强大工具.
- 利用SEM的异常性质可以揭示基本的,通常是隐藏的,规则管理胚胎发育和强度.
相关概念视频
00:57Embryonic Stem Cells
3.4K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
3.4K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.1K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.1K