慢性病患者多重健康行为改变干预措施的组成部分:随机试验的系统审查和元回归
Carolina C Silva1, Justin Presseau2,3,4, Zack van Allen2,4
1Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Health psychology review
|October 28, 2024
概括
多重健康行为改变 (MBHC) 干预措施可以有效地管理慢性疾病. 面对面的交付和特定的技术,如目标设定,影响身体活动和戒烟的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 管理慢性疾病往往需要同时解决多种健康行为.
- 多重健康行为改变 (MBHC) 干预提供了一个潜在的有效方法.
- 了解MBHC干预措施的组成部分和有效性对于优化患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定MBHC干预的关键组成部分,为患有慢性疾病的患者.
- 评估干预组件,理论,行为改变技术 (BCT) 和有效性之间的联系.
- 评估这些组成部分对干预结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在五个电子数据库中对61项研究进行系统审查.
- 对干预组件,理论基础和实施的BCT进行分析.
- 亚组分析和元回归来检查干预特征和行为变化之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 大多数干预 (72%) 的目标是同时针对多种行为,通常是体力活动,饮食和吸烟 (33%).
- 大多数干预 (55%) 没有理论信息; 常见的BCT包括目标设定和自我监测.
- 面对面的交付可能对身体活动不那么有效;省略目标设定可能有助于戒烟. 较长的持续时间对体力活动的结果有好处.
结论:
- MBHC干预是慢性病管理的常见策略.
- 干预设计,包括交付方式和特定的BCT,显著影响有效性.
- 本综述为未来的MBHC干预优化和传播慢性疾病护理提供了数据驱动的见解.
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