与不同医院之间的捐赠奶库访问不平等相关的因素
Caroline Toney-Noland1, Ronald S Cohen2, Lenae Joe2
1School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
概括
捐赠人乳 (DHM) 为新生儿提供了好处. 然而,在加利福尼亚州的NICU中,获得DHM的机会是不平等的,西班牙裔和没有保险的家庭面临着重大障碍.
科学领域:
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 捐赠人乳 (DHM) 为新生儿提供了关键的营养和免疫益处,特别是新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的新生儿.
- 现有研究表明,在DHM接入方面存在潜在的差异,但结构性障碍需要进一步调查.
- 了解这些障碍对于解决婴儿营养方面的健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查加利福尼亚州NICU中供体母乳 (DHM) 的可获得性.
- 调查结构因素,包括母亲的种族/种族和保险状况,与DHM接入的相关性.
- 为了确定NICU内DHM分配的潜在不平等.
主要方法:
- 使用中位数测试和差异分析 (ANOVA) 来比较DHM访问.
- 分析了2021年加利福尼亚州124个NICU的数据.
- 检查了与DHM可用性相关的母亲种族/种族和保险状况的分布.
主要成果:
- 服务于白人家庭比例较高的NICU显示DHM访问率更高 (p=0.04).
- 服务于西班牙裔家庭比例较高的NICU的DHM接入率较低 (p=0.03).
- 有更多无保险患者的医院报告DHM接入显著降低 (p=0.015).
结论:
- 在NICU婴儿的DHM访问中存在结构性不平等.
- 种族和社会经济因素显著影响DHM的可用性.
- 需要旨在减少障碍的政策干预,以促进弱势家庭的健康公平.
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