艾滋病毒感染吸烟者的烟草使用行为干预:随机试验的系统审查和对联网络元分析
Xinyu Huang1,2,3, Junjie Ren1,2,3, Liying Zhou1,2,3
1Centre for Evidence-Based Social Science/Center for Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University.
AIDS reviews
|October 28, 2024
概括
吸烟在艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 中很常见. 短信和手机咨询是PLWH中戒烟的有效干预措施,改善了戒烟率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 传染病研究 传染病研究
背景情况:
- 与一般人群相比,艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的吸烟率高出2-3倍.
- 导致PLWH吸烟率较高的因素包括较低的社会经济地位,物质使用,年龄较小,教育程度较低和抑郁症.
- 吸烟加剧了PLWH的健康风险,包括癌症和感染率的增加以及抗逆转录病毒疗法的有效性降低.
研究的目的:
- 评估吸烟者与艾滋病毒感染者的烟草使用行为干预措施的有效性.
- 为了确定哪些干预措施在这个人群中产生最高的戒断率.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Cochrane图书馆,EMBASE和Web of Science数据库中进行了随机对照试验的系统搜索,直到2023年11月.
- 通过使用Stata 18.0软件对19项研究 (3190名受试者) 进行了网络元分析 (NMA).
- 禁欲结局包括7天点患病率和持续禁欲.
主要成果:
- 与一般建议和自助小册子相比,短信 (RR = 4.60) 和手机咨询 (RR = 3.29) 显著改善了7天禁欲的流行点.
- 行为干预,包括吸烟咨询和自助小册子,显著增强了持续禁欲 (RR = 2.52).
- 有证据表明,短信,电话咨询和戒烟网站对于PLWH的戒烟有效.
结论:
- 短信和电话咨询是促进艾滋病毒感染者戒烟的有效干预措施.
- 这些基于移动的干预措施提供了可扩展的解决方案,以解决PLWH的高吸烟率.
- 进一步的研究应该探索这些数字健康干预措施的长期有效性和成本效益.
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