初始的中大西洋岩省岩和特里亚纪末期灭绝的次百年级脉冲的相关性
Dennis V Kent1,2, Paul E Olsen1, Huapei Wang3
1Biology & Paleoenvironment Division, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10968.
概括
特里亚斯纪末期的灭绝与早期的中大西洋岩地带 (CAMP) 岩流相吻合. 最初的CAMP火山活动是由硫酸盐气溶驱动的,可能是通过火山冬季导致土地灭绝的原因.
科学领域:
- 古气候学 古气候学
- 地质时间学 (Geochronology)
- 古磁论是古磁论的一种学说.
背景情况:
- 特里亚斯纪末期的灭绝 (ETE) 事件为了解大规模灭绝机制提供了一个关键标记.
- 中大西洋岩地带 (CAMP) 是地球历史上最大的大陆洪水玄武岩地带之一.
- 地磁极性层学,特别是Chron E23r,为全球时间相关性提供了一个精确的工具.
研究的目的:
- 准确地将最初的CAMP火山活动的时间与特里亚纪末期的灭绝事件联系起来.
- 为了研究CAMP的喷发阶段和陆地灭绝模式之间的关系.
- 为了区分CAMP火山活动对大陆与海洋生态系统的环境影响.
主要方法:
- 从北山玄武岩 (加拿大芬迪盆地) 流出的岩的古磁分析.
- 摩洛哥和美国东北部古磁数据的整合.
- 利用天文学和U-Pb地质年代学进行约会和相关性.
主要成果:
- 坎普火山活动的初始阶段包括五个不同的方向脉冲,每个脉冲持续不到一个世纪.
- 前四次爆发脉冲发生在约40kyr的时间内,被地磁Chron E23r紧紧地括住.
- 在主要的CAMP火山活动开始和特里亚纪末期陆地灭绝之间建立了强烈的时间巧合.
结论:
- 从最初的CAMP喷发中诱导的硫酸盐气溶引起的短暂的火山冬季是热带大陆地区特里亚纪末期灭绝的主要驱动因素.
- 长期的CAMP二氧化碳排放可能导致了长期影响,包括海洋酸化和变暖,特别是影响海洋环境.
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