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测试 expensive-tissue假说对组织间竞争的预测,使用带有潜变量因果建模

Meghan Shirley Bezerra¹, Samuli Helle², Kiran K Seunarine¹

¹Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

Evolutionary human sciences

|October 29, 2024

概括

昂贵的组织假设表明人类进化中存在大脑与身体的权衡. 这项研究在南亚女性中发现了初步证据,支持大脑大小和减少瘦和脂肪的身体组织之间的因果关系.

科学领域:

人类进化人类的进化.
营养科学营养科学
神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

昂贵组织假设 (ETH) 提出了大脑大小和其他器官投资之间的权衡,以解释人类大脑的进化.
之前对ETH的测试主要集中在非人类动物身上,因此人类证据很少.

研究的目的:

研究大脑组织投资与人体瘦/脂肪组织投资之间的因果关系.
在人类队伍中实证测试昂贵组织假设的版本.

主要方法:

用工具变量进行结构方程建模,分析了来自70名南亚女性的大脑和身体组成数据.
这种因果推断方法减轻了测量错误,混和反向因果关系等问题.

主要成果:

对大脑组织投资与瘦身组织 (-0.41) 和脂肪组织 (-0.56) 之间的关系观察到负因果估计.
虽然置信区间很宽,结果不确切,但趋势与ETH关于大脑与身体之间的权衡预测一致.

结论:

这些发现为人类的昂贵组织假设提供了初步的,尽管不确定的支持,这表明大脑和身体组织投资之间存在潜在的因果权衡.
需要使用更大的数据集,遗传数据和先进的因果建模进行进一步的研究,以巩固这些发现并扩大ETH在人类进化中的证据基础.

关键词:

身体构成身体组成因果关系建模的原因模型.昂贵的组织假设.人类大脑的演变人类大脑的演变仪器变量是指仪器变量.

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