全球建立PA职业的好处和局限性:系统审查和混合方法研究
Arden R Turkewitz1, Jane P Sallen, Rachel M Smith
1Arden R. Turkewitz practices in family medicine at Hawai'i Island Community Health Center in Hilo and Kea'au, Hawai'i. Jane P. Sallen practices in orthopedic surgery at Dignity Health Medical Foundation in Redwood City, Calif. Rachel M. Smith practices in dermatology at Knoxville (Tenn.) Dermatology Group. Kandi Pitchford is an associate professor and director of capstone, outcomes, and assessment in the PA program at South College in Knoxville, Tenn. Kimberly Lay is an associate professor and associate program director of the PA program at South College. Scott Smalley is president of the International Academy of Physician Associate Educators and an honorary lecturer in the Division of Clinical Associates, Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, at the University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg (South Africa). The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
医师协会 (PA) 和同等机构有效地解决了全球医疗保健短缺和各种系统的需求. 为实施PA提供了建议,以改善全球的医疗保健和劳动力挑战.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 医疗保健劳动力研究 劳动力研究
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 世界各地的医疗保健系统面临着关键的供需危机.
- 医生助理 (PA) 及其等效提供了一种可行的解决方案,以缓解这些全球医疗保健需求.
- 了解它们的作用和影响对于优化医疗保健服务至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查PA及其等效机构如何在各种医疗保健系统中解决全球医疗保健需求.
- 为了确定特定的医疗保健需求减轻PA及其等效.
- 列出PA所扮演的角色及其实施的障碍.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA 2020指南进行了系统审查 (2021年10月至2022年4月,重启2023年6月).
- 与PA和全球卫生专家进行了支持性采访.
- 分析重点是地理区域,经济状况,医疗保健需求,医疗保健系统,PA利用和监管因素.
主要成果:
- 在63个国家和5个美国领土中使用PA和同等产品,通常在拥有自有医疗保健系统的发展中国家.
- 他们拥有35个不同的实践头,主要是初级保健,缓解短缺和改善医疗保健准入.
- 全球实施受到缺乏立法,监管和专业支持的阻碍.
结论:
- 医生助理 (PA) 和同等人员在解决全球医疗保健短缺问题方面表现出适应能力和成功.
- 各国应根据具体需求量身定制PA的实施,培训现有劳动力,并优先考虑立法和监管.
- 这项研究为倡导PA实施提供了指南,并有助于该专业的全球化.
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