边界性人格障碍是一种天生的同理心异常:一个范围和叙事审查
David Hayward1,2, Donald MacIntyre2,3,4, Douglas Steele5,6,7
1NHS Lothian, St John's Hospital, Livingston, United Kingdom.
International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice
|October 29, 2024
概括
边界性人格障碍 (BPD) 的特点是与生俱来的同情心异常,特别是缺乏认知同情心. 这一特征与BPD患者的人际关系困难和非典型的神经网络有关.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 与人际关系运作的困难是边界人格障碍 (BPD) 的组成部分.
- 共感是社会认知和人际交互的关键方面.
- 了解BPD中的同情心对于解决核心临床特征至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索BPD是认知同情的一个天生的异常理论.
- 审查BPD患者同情心的经验证据.
- 在BPD中区分认知和情感同理心.
主要方法:
- 对实证研究进行了范围和叙事审查.
- 搜索包括诸如"同情"",思维理论"",心态化"和"BPD"等术语.
- 符合条件的文章与对照组相比,在BPD组实证评估了同情能力或自我报告的同情心.
主要成果:
- 大多数符合条件的研究 (320项中的38项) 证实了BPD患者的异常同情能力.
- 缺乏认知同情心是最经常报告的发现.
- 这种同理心异常是一种特征,在发育早期很明显,与BPD严重程度相关,并且涉及非典型的神经网络.
结论:
- 这些发现证实了BPD在很大程度上是一种先天的同理心异常.
- 认知同情缺陷是BPD的一个核心特征.
- 对BPD中的同情心的神经生物学基础进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
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