保加利亚未满足医疗保健需求的流行率和决定因素
Ivan Maslyankov1, Mónica Hernández1
1School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|October 29, 2024
概括
经济负担能力是保加利亚获得医疗保健的主要障碍,不成比例地影响弱势群体和健康状况不佳的人群. 解决这些未满足的医疗保健需求对于系统效率和公平性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 自我报告的未满足的医疗保健需求是获得医疗保健的关键指标.
- 关于低收入和中等收入国家未得到满足的需求的研究有限.
- 了解这些障碍对于改善医疗保健系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查保加利亚未满足医疗保健需求的流行率和决定因素.
- 分析与等待时间,距离/运输和经济负担能力相关的未满足需求.
- 识别与报告未满足需求相关的个体特征.
主要方法:
- 使用了保加利亚欧洲健康访谈调查 (EHIS) 的数据.
- 采用后勤回归模型来探索个体特征与未满足需求之间的关联.
- 分析了具体的障碍:等待时间,距离/运输,财务负担能力.
主要成果:
- 负担不起是获得医疗保健最常见的障碍.
- 报告的最大未满足需求是牙科护理 (14%) 和药品负担不起 (8%).
- 距离/运输问题是最少提到的原因 (3%).
- 身体/精神健康不佳,残疾,低收入,社会支持较少,教育水平较低,增加了未得到满足的需求.
- 农村居民面临着相当大的距离/交通障碍.
结论:
- 不满足的医疗保健需求普遍存在,特别是在弱势群体中.
- 经济负担能力是获得医疗保健的主要障碍.
- 解决未得到满足的需求对于医疗保健系统的效率和公平至关重要.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来改善弱势群体的获取机会.
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