随机热力学是理解计算能源成本的关键吗?
David H Wolpert1,2,3,4,5, Jan Korbel2,6, Christopher W Lynn7,8,9
1Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501.
概括
物理系统和计算通过热力学联系在一起. 随机热力学提供了新的工具来分析现实世界的计算机,考虑到像速度和能源效率这样的限制,与旧的模型不同.
科学领域:
- 热力学是一种热力学.
- 计算物理 计算物理
- 信息理论 信息理论
背景情况:
- 热力学和计算之间的联系是一个长期存在的理论兴趣,由于数字设备的能源成本上升,它在实践中变得越来越重要.
- 现实世界的计算机,无论是数字的还是生物的 (例如,大脑,细胞),都面临着影响其热力学特性的物理约束.
- 传统的计算热力学分析没有考虑速度,能源效率,模块化,层次结构或周期性过程等约束因素.
研究的目的:
- 探索物理系统中热力学特性和计算过程之间的关系.
- 要突出随机热力学在分析现实世界计算系统中的实用性.
- 为了深入了解物理约束如何影响计算的热力学.
主要方法:
- 对现有的计算热力学理论进行审查.
- 从随机热力学原理的应用.
- 对计算系统 (例如速度,能量,模块化,计时) 的物理约束的分析.
主要成果:
- 随机热力学提供了一个框架,用于在现实的物理约束下分析计算系统.
- 识别数字和生物计算机中的常见约束,例如远离平衡和模块化层次结构的操作.
- 表明传统的热力学分析不足以理解现代计算系统.
结论:
- 随机热力学提供了一个更全面的方法来理解计算的热力学.
- 识别物理约束对于更深入地了解计算系统的热力学特性至关重要.
- 这种框架可以弥合基础物理与各种系统中计算的实际现实之间的差距.
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