如何在家工作重塑城市
Arjun Ramani1,2, Joel Alcedo3, Nicholas Bloom2
1Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142.
概括
远程工作的兴起正在分散经济活动远离城市中心,创造了一个"甜甜圈效应". 这种由混合工作安排驱动的趋势正在重塑城市经济,并将人口分散到周围的郊区.
科学领域:
- 城市经济学城市经济学
- 远程工作研究 远程工作研究
- 经济地理 经济地理
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,经济活动一直集中在全球主要城市.
- 远程工作越来越普遍,这对城市占主导地位构成了潜在的挑战.
- 了解远程工作对经济分散的影响对于城市规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为全球提供经济活动因远程工作而分散的证据.
- 为了识别和分析被称为"甜甜圈效应"的现象.
- 调查混合工作在塑造流行后城市动态中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用多个高频数据集,涵盖支出,通勤,迁移和住房.
- 分析了全球证据,以证明经济活动从城市中心分散.
- 利用来自美国的详细家庭微数据来研究移民模式.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,远程工作导致了经济活动远离城市中心的可衡量的分散.
- "甜甜圈效应"在那些采用远程工作的城市中更明显和持久.
- 在美国主要城市中,有五分之三的家庭离开了城市中心,搬到了郊区,这表明了混合工作的影响.
结论:
- "甜甜圈效应"意味着经济活动分布的重大转变,由远程和混合工作驱动.
- 混合型工作模式是这种分散持续的关键因素,使人口保持在更广泛的大都市地区.
- 这一趋势表明城市经济地理的持续转变,对未来的城市发展产生影响.
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