长期暴露于二氧化和臭氧以及儿童的呼吸系统健康
Hilary L Zetlen1,2, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman3, Heike Gibson4
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|October 29, 2024
概括
儿童长期暴露于二氧化 (NO2) 与肺功能减弱和呼吸道炎症标志物增加有关. 减少NO2暴露对于优化儿童呼吸系统健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 空气污染流行病学
背景情况:
- 对二氧化 (NO2) 和臭氧 (O3) 等气态空气污染物的长期暴露需要进一步评估其对儿童肺功能和呼吸道炎症的影响.
- 了解NO2和O3对儿童呼吸系统健康的具体影响,对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同年龄组儿童长期暴露于NO2和O3与肺功能 (FEV1,FVC) 之间的关联.
- 为了确定NO2和O3暴露与分数呼出的氧化 (FeNO),一个标志着eosinophilic气道炎症的儿童之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 肺功能 (FEV1,FVC) 和FeNO是在从童年到十几岁中期的多个时间点测量母亲和孩子对的队列 (Project Viva).
- 使用基于家庭地址的地理空间模型估计了对NO2和O3的长期暴露.
- 使用线性回归模型来检查关联,调整各种共变量,包括年龄,性别,社会经济地位和环境因素.
主要成果:
- 在所有研究年龄组中,暴露于NO2与较低的FEV1和FVC显著相关.
- 二氧化暴露的四分位数间范围增加与FEV1在十几岁中期访问时大幅下降有关.
- 终身NO2暴露与青少年早期的FeNO水平较高有关,这表明呼吸道炎症增加;O3暴露与肺功能或FeNO没有显著关联.
结论:
- 长期暴露于二氧化与儿童和青少年的肺功能受损和高分数呼出的氧化有关.
- 尽管NO2暴露水平符合当前的EPA标准,但研究结果表明,需要制定更严格的法规来保护儿童的呼吸系统健康.
- 发现气体过敏原敏感化改变了NO2和O3与FeNO的关联,突出了敏感个体的潜在相互作用.
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