在临床诊断中的纳米材料:弥合实验室和临床实践之间的差距
Madhan Jeyaraman1, Naveen Jeyaraman1, Swaminathan Ramasubramanian2
1Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India.
Pathology, research and practice
|October 29, 2024
概括
纳米材料显著提高了用于医学诊断和环境监测的生物传感器性能. 本综述探讨了它们的应用,挑战和未来与人工智能和可穿戴技术的整合,以改善医疗保健.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 生物感知技术对于医学诊断和环境监测至关重要.
- 纳米材料具有独特的特性,可以显著提高生物传感器性能.
研究的目的:
- 审查纳米材料在提高生物传感器性能方面的作用.
- 分析基于纳米材料的生物传感器的机制和应用.
- 讨论该领域的挑战和未来趋势.
主要方法:
- 在生物感知中对纳米材料 (金纳米粒子,碳纳米管,石墨烯,量子点) 的文献综述.
- 分析纳米材料的特性 (电,光,热导) 和它们对生物传感器功能 (灵敏度,特异性,多功能性) 的影响.
- 探索瘤学,传染病,糖尿病,心血管健康和神经退行性疾病中的应用.
主要成果:
- 纳米材料通过增加表面与体积的比率,改善电子传输和增强信号传导来提高生物传感器的灵敏度,特异性和多功能性.
- 应用范围包括早期疾病检测,实时监测和个性化医疗.
- 挑战包括生物相容性,生物污染,稳定性和系统集成.
结论:
- 基于纳米材料的生物传感器代表了诊断和监测的范式转变.
- 通过材料工程和新技术克服挑战是关键.
- 与微流体,人工智能和可穿戴设备的整合将推动个性化和可访问的医疗保健.
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