在语言创作中的整体到部分发展
Susan Goldin-Meadow1, Inbal Arnon2
1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 S. University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Trends in cognitive sciences
|October 29, 2024
概括
儿童可以通过首先理解整体,然后识别其部分来学习语言. 这种整体到部分的语言学习策略是一种天生的偏见,即使没有外部语言输入,也很明显.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 儿童通常通过将较小的语言单元组合成较大的结构来学习语言.
- 通过将整体分解成部分来学习语言的过程得到了充分的记录.
- 另一种途径,全部分学习,在儿童语言学习中仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究儿童整体到部分语言学习的研究不足的现象.
- 为了确定儿童是否可以通过首先掌握整体并随后识别部分来获得语言.
- 探索这种学习过程是否独立于外部语言输入.
主要方法:
- 对儿童自发语言创造的观察研究.
- 在无输入环境中分析新兴的语言结构.
- 对儿童使用的学习策略进行定性评估.
主要成果:
- 儿童通过整体到部分的过程表现出学习语言的能力.
- 这种学习甚至在没有外部语言模型或输入的情况下也发生.
- 这些发现突出了儿童对整体到部分语言学习的先前存在的偏见.
结论:
- 整体到部分的语言学习是儿童可行的和重要的发展途径.
- 这种学习策略不仅仅依赖于细分或明确的输入.
- 孩子们对整体学习有着固有的偏见,这影响了他们对语言学习的方法.
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