在社会困境中,信任语境的效应带来了集体和个人解决方案
Sergio Lo Iacono1, Burak Sonmez2, Malcolm Fairbrother3,4
1University of Essex, Colchester, UK. sloiac@essex.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|October 30, 2024
概括
高信任度的社区有效地使用集体行动解决方案,而低信任度的社区则倾向于低效的个人行动. 在这项研究中的两种信任级别中,自由骑乘的流行率仍然相似.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 游戏理论 游戏理论
背景情况:
- 信任对于社区合作和公共产品的提供至关重要.
- 关于不同信任水平如何影响具有多个解决方案的集体行动困境的研究有限.
- 在集体行动问题上有多种解决方案时,协调失败的风险会增加.
研究的目的:
- 调查高信任与低信任环境中的个人如何在集体行动困境中做出决定.
- 在不同的信任条件下,比较个人解决方案,集体解决方案和自由骑行之间的选择.
- 在集体行动场景中,根据信任水平分析资源分配的效率.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项预先注册的互动实验,涉及371名参与者 (70组).
- 参与者面临一个集体行动困境,有三个选择:个人投资,集体投资或自由骑行.
- 对信任和值得信赖的互动的激励被操纵,以模拟高信任和低信任的环境.
主要成果:
- 在高度信任的环境中,参与者更倾向于投资集体解决方案.
- 相比之下,在低信任环境中的参与者主要选择个人解决方案,导致资源使用效率较低.
- 在高信任和低信任群体之间的自由骑行率中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 信任在集体行动困境中显著影响战略选择.
- 高信任促进有效的集体行动,而低信任导致效率较低的个人主义方法.
- 在集体行动场景中,信任水平似乎不会影响自由骑行倾向.
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