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自闭症谱系障碍儿童父母的压力评估:一项前性病例对照研究

Kritika Negi¹, Vasu Saini¹, Shruti Kumar¹

¹Pediatrics, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, IND.

|October 30, 2024

概括

患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的孩子的父母经历的压力水平明显更高. 这凸显了针对管理自闭症的家庭,特别是来自较高社会经济背景的家庭,制定有针对性的支持系统的迫切需要.

科学领域:

儿童心理学儿童心理学
发育儿科发育儿科
家庭研究家庭研究

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种无法治愈的可管理的疾病,往往导致父母的严重压力.
在ASD中,家长的压力经常被忽视,需要早期识别和全面的管理策略.
早期干预和整体护理对于被诊断为ASD的儿童至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查和量化自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对父母压力水平的影响.
为了比较患有自闭症儿童的父母和典型发育儿童的父母之间的压力水平.
确定影响ASD家庭家长压力的因素.

主要方法:

长达18个月的前性病例控制研究涉及111名新诊断的自闭症儿童 (2-9岁) 和99名典型发展的对照.
诊断ASD是基于国际临床流行病学网络 (INCLEN) 标准 (DSM-V).
用自闭症育儿压力表和问卷来评估家长的压力,排除了先前存在心理健康状况的父母.

主要成果:

与典型发育儿童的父母相比,患有自闭症儿童的父母报告的压力得分明显高.
绝大多数 (94.6%) 被诊断为ASD的孩子的父母表现出显著的压力水平.
分析显示,来自较高社会经济背景和大都市地区的父母的压力更高.

结论:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 显著加剧了父母的压力,特别是在更高的社会经济和城市环境中.
这些发现强调了为减轻家长压力和增强家庭福祉而进行量身定制的支持和干预的必要性.
建议特别注意支持具有自闭症的高功能儿童的父母.

关键词:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种发展障碍发展障碍发展障碍情绪影响情绪影响情绪影响神经发育评估是指神经发育评估.育儿压力育儿压力是父母的压力.

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