在BRCA1和BRCA2病原性变异载体中,乳腺癌之后的第二种主要癌症风险
Isaac Allen1,2, Hend Hassan1,2, Yvonne Walburga1,2
1Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
患有BRCA1/BRCA2致病变体 (PVs) 的女性在乳腺癌 (BC) 中存活下来,面临着第二次原发性癌症 (SPCs) 的风险增加. 对于这些高风险个体,建议加强监测和降低风险的策略.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和瘤学研究
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
- 临床遗传学 临床遗传学
背景情况:
- 患有BRCA1/BRCA2致病变体 (PVs) 的乳腺癌 (BC) 幸存者对第二次原发性癌症 (SPCs) 有不确定的风险.
- 准确的风险评估对于指导这种人群的临床管理和监测策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在初级BC诊断后,估计BRCA1/BRCA2PV载体中SPC的相对和绝对风险.
- 使用人口规模的健康数据,比较BRCA1/BRCA2PV载体和非载体之间的SPC风险.
主要方法:
- 将基因检测数据与国家癌症登记和25811名女性和480名男性BC患者的电子健康记录联系起来,测试了BRCA1/BRCA2 PVs (1995-2019).
- 计算标准化发病率 (SIRs) 与一般人口的发病率.
- 估计的危险比率 (HRs) 将运营商与非运营商进行比较,并评估了10年的累积风险.
主要成果:
- 携带BRCA1的携带者表现出明显增加的逆侧乳腺癌 (CBC),卵巢,结直肠和子宫内膜SPCs的风险.
- 携带BRCA2的携带者对CBC,卵巢和胰腺SPC的风险增加.
- 与非携带者相比,男性BRCA2携带者表现出较高的CBC和前列腺SPC风险.
结论:
- 携带BRCA1或BRCA2PV的乳腺癌幸存者患第二次原发性癌症的风险大大增加.
- 这些发现支持对BRCA1/BRCA2光伏载体实施增强监测协议和有针对性的降低风险干预措施.
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