美国儿童和成人自闭症诊断,2011-2022年
Luke P Grosvenor1, Lisa A Croen1,2, Frances L Lynch3
1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, California.
JAMA network open
|October 30, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断率从2011年到2022年显著增加,特别是在年轻人和女性中. 这些趋势凸显了自闭症患者需要更新的医疗保健服务的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 了解自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患病率对于为越来越多的自闭症患者提供有效的医疗保健至关重要.
- 整个生命周期中自闭症诊断的趋势需要更新分析以告知服务规划.
研究的目的:
- 分析ASD诊断率的趋势,使用来自美国大型卫生系统网络的电子健康记录.
- 确定2011年至2022年间ASD诊断中的人口和时间模式.
主要方法:
- 这是一项横截面研究,利用来自12个不同的美国卫生系统的非识别电子健康记录.
- 从2011年1月1日到2022年12月31日,根据ICD-9和ICD-10代码计算出每年ASD诊断率.
- 纳入标准要求患者每年至少参加10个月的参与卫生系统.
主要成果:
- 在2011年至2022年期间,整体自闭症诊断率增加了175%,从每1000个人中的2.3个增加到6.3个.
- 在26至34岁的年龄段 (450%) 观察到最显著的相对增加,女性在各年龄组的男性相比增加更高.
- 与白人儿童相比,一些种族和少数民族儿童的自闭症诊断率的相对增加更大.
结论:
- 从2011年到2022年,美国的自闭症诊断率大幅增加,特别是在年轻人和女性中.
- 这些发现强调了适应性医疗资源分配的必要性,以满足自闭症患者不断变化的需求.
- 卫生系统数据为诊断趋势提供了宝贵的见解,为公共卫生战略和服务提供提供了信息.
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