加速大脑缩和从正常认知到轻度认知障碍的进展
Yuto Uchida1, Kei Nishimaki1, Anja Soldan2
1Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
JAMA network open
|October 30, 2024
概括
加快的大脑缩,特别是在白质和心室,结合糖尿病和低粉样β水平,是从正常认知向轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的关键风险因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医学研究 医学研究
背景情况:
- 确定大脑缩和进展到轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的危险因素对于制定预防策略至关重要.
- 纵向数据对于理解从正常认知到MCI的轨迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究中年和老年人中与加速脑缩和从正常认知到MCI的进展相关的风险因素.
- 分析长期纵向数据以确定认知衰退的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自老年对照风险痴呆症生物标志物 (BIOCARD) 队列的数据,包括纵向结构性MRI和脑脊液 (CSF) 生物标志物.
- 采用卡普兰-梅尔生存曲线和考克斯比例危险回归模型来分析MCI发病时间和相关风险因素.
- 包括185名认知正常的参与者,随访时间长达27年.
主要成果:
- 较高的白质缩和心室膨胀率与较早的MCI发作有关 (HR分别为1.86和1.71).
- 糖尿病 (HR 1.41) 和低CSF Aβ42:Aβ40比率 (HR 1.48) 是MCI进展的重要风险因素.
- 糖尿病和低CSF Aβ42:Aβ40比率的结合显示出与MCI进展的协同关系 (HR 1.55).
结论:
- 白质和心室加速的大脑缩是MCI进展的重要指标.
- 糖尿病和低CSFAβ42:Aβ40比率是认知能力下降的重要危险因素.
- 识别患有加速脑缩的个体对于优化预防MCI的干预至关重要.
更多相关视频
12:18A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: January 11, 2020
7.5K
06:23The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
32.2K
相关概念视频
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
449
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
449
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
61
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
61
01:30Dementia
97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
97
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
165
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
165
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
101
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
101
01:13Amnesia
103
Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
103