在早期护理和教育中用全果取代果汁的预计影响
Daniel A Zaltz1, Brian W Weir2, Roni A Neff3
1Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
American journal of preventive medicine
|October 30, 2024
概括
在早期护理和教育环境中用整个水果取代果汁可以通过减少糖和卡路里,同时增加纤维来改善儿童的营养. 然而,这种饮食转变与食品成本的适度增加有关.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 儿童早期的饮食习惯对于长期健康至关重要.
- 早期护理和教育 (ECE) 设置显著影响儿童的饮食.
- 果汁消费在欧洲经济共同体中很常见,但全果提供了更大的营养益处.
研究的目的:
- 模拟以全果取代果汁对美国ECE环境中1-5岁儿童的饮食摄入量和食品成本的影响.
- 分析关键营养素 (卡路里,糖,纤维,,维生素C) 和整体食品开支的变化.
- 提供数据,以便在EEC中考虑有关水果和果汁消费的政策考虑.
主要方法:
- 使用层次回归分析与儿童嵌套在ECE设施和研究.
- 根据潜在的混因素进行调整,以确保可靠的发现.
- 模拟的饮食变化和成本影响在合理的果汁到全果替代方案下.
主要成果:
- 用整个水果取代果汁导致每日能量摄入量减少 (8.2-27.3千卡) 和糖 (3.4-5.6克).
- 观察到每日纤维摄入量显著增加 (0.5-1.3克),对和维生素C的影响最小.
- 每天每名儿童的食品成本增加了0.44美元至0.49美元,这意味着食品总成本的百分比从3.8%上升到9.8%-10.7%.
结论:
- 在ECE环境中用整个水果取代果汁通过增加纤维和减少糖和卡路里来改善儿童的营养特征.
- 政策转向全果可能会增加ECE的日常食品成本.
- 这种饮食干预对公共健康的重大益处表明,需要增加对ECE的营养援助计划的资金.
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