Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

882
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
882
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

9.0K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
9.0K
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

16.1K
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
16.1K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

5.4K
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
5.4K
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

46.7K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
46.7K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Coregulatory Networks Remodel the Disease-Specific Functions of Orphan Nuclear Receptor TR4.

Cells·2026
Same author

Nucleobase Coordination With Mg<sup>2</sup> <sup>+</sup> Facilitates RNA Cleavage via Internal Transesterification.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

In-vivo analysis of neuroblastoma targeting potential of aGD2-SIRPα fusion antibodies for local CD47 blockade.

Molecular cancer therapeutics·2026
Same author

Recognition and remodelling of nucleosomes and hexasomes by the human INO80 complex.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Sequence and chemical specificity define the functional landscape of intrinsically disordered regions.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Systematic Study of the Impact of DNA Interstrand Cross-Links on Nucleosome Structure, Sliding, and Transcription.

ACS chemical biology·2025

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

1.7K

人类OGG1的结构基础在核细胞核粒子内处理8-oxodGuo.

Mengtian Ren1,2,3, Fabian Gut4, Yilan Fan4

  • 1School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China. mengtianren@tiangong.edu.cn.

Nature communications
|October 31, 2024
PubMed
概括

像人类的8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) 一样,DNA葡萄糖酶在核子体内更不高效地修复受损的DNA基. 这项研究揭示了核细胞结构如何影响这种修复效率.

更多相关视频

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

22.5K
HPLC Measurement of the DNA Oxidation Biomarker, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2&#8217;-deoxyguanosine, in Cultured Cells and Animal Tissues
14:12

HPLC Measurement of the DNA Oxidation Biomarker, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine, in Cultured Cells and Animal Tissues

Published on: August 1, 2015

27.1K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

1.7K
Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

22.5K
HPLC Measurement of the DNA Oxidation Biomarker, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2&#8217;-deoxyguanosine, in Cultured Cells and Animal Tissues
14:12

HPLC Measurement of the DNA Oxidation Biomarker, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine, in Cultured Cells and Animal Tissues

Published on: August 1, 2015

27.1K

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 基切除修复 (BER) 通过DNA糖酶启动DNA损伤的去除.
  • 核细胞,染色体的基本单元,阻碍了DNA修复酶的效率.
  • 核细胞因子影响DNA糖酶活性的确切机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明核子体内DNA修复效率降低的结构基础.
  • 为了研究人类8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) 和核细胞核粒子 (NCP) 之间的相互作用.
  • 了解核体DNA结构如何调节氧化基损伤的修复.

主要方法:

  • 低温电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 用于确定hOGG1与含有8-oxodGuo的NCP结合的结构,分辨率为3.1 Å.
  • 生物化学测试以评估hOGG1结合和修复活性在核细胞的存在下.

主要成果:

  • hOGG1成功地识别并翻转了NCP中的8-oxodGuo病变.
  • 由于基因组对DNA的竞争,hOGG1-核酶相互作用比hOGG1-自由DNA弱.
  • hOGG1结合和病变翻转会诱导核体DNA重组,使DNA部分脱离基因组.

结论:

  • 核体结构动态调节DNA修复酶活性.
  • 基因组与DNA的相互作用阻碍了糖酶的访问和结合亲和力.
  • 这些发现提供了一个结构机制,用于降低色素中的BER效率.