清洁空气以应对污染带来的心血管健康危机
Mark R Miller1, Mariachiara Di Cesare2, Shadi Rahimzadeh2
1Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK.
空气污染,特别是细颗粒物 (PM2.5),是对心血管健康的重大全球威胁. 每年有数百万人死于与空气质量差相关的心脏病和中风,这凸显了政策的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 空气污染,特别是细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 是一个重要的全球健康问题.
- PM2.5是心血管疾病 (CVD),发病率和死亡率的主要环境风险因素.
- 不平等存在,低收入和中等收入国家不成比例地受到空气污染相关心血管疾病的影响.
研究的目的:
- 探索空气污染的全球趋势,重点关注PM2.5水平.
- 检查空气污染对心血管健康的影响.
- 审查减少空气污染影响的政策措施.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自世界卫生组织 (WHO),全球卫生观察中心和联合国环境规划署的数据.
- 分析了PM2.5度的全球趋势及其与心血管结果的关联.
- 评估现有政策措施并确定政策缺口.
主要成果:
- 全球PM2.5减少趋势显示,尽管高收入国家有所改善,但年度进展有限.
- 2019年,环境空气污染在全球造成了大约420万例死亡,其中70%来自心血管疾病 (1.9万例缺血性心脏病,9万例中风).
- 存在重大政策差距,包括许多国家的法律约束力的空气质量标准不足.
结论:
- 建议紧急采用世卫组织空气质量指南.
- 加强空气污染监测和增加对跨学科研究的投资至关重要.
- 政策制定者,医疗保健系统和全球卫生组织之间的协调努力是必要的,以打击与空气污染有关的心血管危机.
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