在冷空气暴露和冷水部分浸泡期间,自主功能和认知表现的性别差异
Youngsun Kong1, Md Billal Hossain2, Riley McNaboe1
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
Frontiers in physiology
|October 31, 2024
概括
生物性别显著影响认知表现和对寒冷环境的自主反应. 女性在寒冷的空气中经历了认知下降,而男性表现出不同的反应,强调性别是寒冷天气作战的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
- 自主神经科学 自主神经科学
背景情况:
- 暴露于寒冷的研究往往忽视了生理和认知反应中的生物性别差异.
- 了解这些基于性别的变化对于优化寒冷操作环境中的性能和安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查冷空气和冷水暴露期间自主功能和认知表现的性别特异.
- 为了比较室温,冷空气 (10°C) 和冷水 (15°C) 环境中的反应.
主要方法:
- 22名男性和19名女性在三个热条件下完成了认知任务 (反应时间,空间操纵,注意力,记忆).
- 在受控的环境暴露期间,通过皮电活动 (EDA) 和心率变化 (HRV) 评估自主功能.
- 在每个环境条件下,在多个会话中收集认知和生理数据.
主要成果:
- 与室温相比,女性在冷空气中表现出更慢的反应时间和注意力/记忆力受损.
- 男性的认知表现在冷空气中没有受到影响或得到改善,但冷水浸泡影响了即时记忆.
- 两性在寒冷条件下显示EDA振幅降低;男性在寒冷空气中显示改变HRV模式 (LF/VLF组件).
结论:
- 性是对寒冷环境的认知和自主反应的重要决定因素.
- 研究结果强调,在评估寒冷时的自主功能以及在设计防护服和操作策略时,需要考虑性别.
- 结果为在作战环境中混合性别人员的部署决策和环境控制提供了信息.
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