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相关概念视频

Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

6.7K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
6.7K
Blinding01:11

Blinding

2.4K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
2.4K
Group Design02:01

Group Design

8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

6.6K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
6.6K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

121
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
121
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K

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A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
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在世界上大多数国家实施公平公正的大规模随机试验的最佳实践.

Samuel Kembou1, Kaja Jasińska2, Amy Ogan3

  • 1Swiss Graduate School of Public Administration, University of Lausanne.

Developmental psychology
|October 31, 2024
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概括

本研究概述了教育和发展领域公平的国际研究合作的最佳实践. 它强调伙伴关系和针对大多数世界国家的影响评估的定制方法.

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Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
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科学领域:

  • 发展性研究发展性研究
  • 教育研究教育研究
  • 全球卫生公平性全球卫生公平性

背景情况:

  • 大规模影响评估和随机对照试验在发展和教育研究中很常见.
  • 在大多数世界国家,特别是西非实施此类计划的经验为这项研究提供了信息.
  • 需要最佳实践,以确保南北研究合作的公平和正义.

研究的目的:

  • 提出一套最佳实践,为世界多数和少数国家在研究中的公平和公正合作提供一套最佳实践.
  • 加强在发展和教育研究中的大规模影响评估和随机对照试验的实施.

主要方法:

  • 对世界上大多数国家实施研究计划的经验进行反思分析.
  • 对协作动态和公平考虑的定性评估.

主要成果:

  • 优先考虑研究,政策和社区伙伴关系对于公平的合作至关重要.
  • 促进互补的研究方法可以提高方法论的严谨性和当地相关性.
  • 考虑测量时间表和实施能力交换方法对于可持续的伙伴关系至关重要.

结论:

  • 公平和公正的国际研究合作需要有意的策略超越标准的方法.
  • 最佳实践包括强有力的社区伙伴关系,灵活的研究设计和相互能力建设.
  • 这些原则对于在大多数世界背景下有效和道德的发展和教育研究至关重要.