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新生儿护理和早产后的发育结果:系统性审查和元分析

Or Burstein¹, Tamara Aryeh¹, Ronny Geva¹

¹Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University.

Developmental psychology

|October 31, 2024

概括

过早分娩与儿童认知发育不佳有关,特别是极度过早或肺部问题. 虽然新生儿护理提供了暂时的好处,但对早产婴儿的长期认知支持需要进一步的进展.

科学领域:

新生儿护理和儿童发展
神经科学和认知后果
公共卫生和早产的结果.

背景情况:

近几十年来,新生儿护理取得了重大进展.
了解这些进展对早产儿认知发育的影响至关重要.
过早分娩是儿童不良认知结果的主要危险因素.

研究的目的:

探索早产并发症,新生儿护理质量和7岁以下的认知发育之间的关联.
评估早产儿和早产儿之间的认知差异.
评估当代新生儿护理对认知后果的长期影响.

主要方法:

一项大规模的对1970年至2022年间发表的同行评审研究的元分析.
我们搜索的数据库包括MEDLINE,APA PsycInfo和EBSCO.
分析了来自161项涉及39799名儿童的研究数据,使用标准化认知测试.

主要成果:

过早分娩与全球认知发育显著差 (SMD = -0.57) 以及语言,视觉空间和运动技能的缺陷有关.
极端早产,肺部疾病和较老的评估年龄与更差的认知结果相关.
当代新生儿护理显示,全球认知在2-3年内暂时有所改善,但之后没有;检查员失明与较差的早产结果有关.

结论:

过早分娩,特别是极度早产和肺部疾病之后,与幼儿时期持续的认知缺陷有关.
认知缺陷随着年龄的增长而变得越来越普遍,在非常极端的早产队伍中 (在妊娠32周之前).
虽然新生儿护理的进步促进了早期的性,但早产婴儿在整个童年时期都需要持续的发展支持.

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