脏移植接受者的癌症查和癌症治疗
Miguel Bigotte Vieira1,2, Hiroyuki Arai3, Carla Nicolau1
1Nephrology Department, Hospital Curry Cabral, Unidade Local de Saúde São José, Lisbon, Portugal.
Kidney360
|October 31, 2024
概括
癌症在移植接受者 (KTRs) 中越来越普遍. 本综述涵盖了移植前和移植后癌症查,预防和治疗的最新策略,包括新疗法.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 移植医学 移植医学
背景情况:
- 增加预期寿命和改善移植结果导致更频繁的移植前和移植后恶性瘤.
- 接受移植的人面临更高的癌症风险,但具体的查和治疗数据仍然有限.
- 目前针对KTR的癌症管理指南通常是从一般人口数据中推断出来的,其适用性不确定.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于移植前癌症查和移植候选人的无癌症等待期的证据.
- 讨论移植后的癌症查,预防策略和KTRs恶性瘤的管理.
- 探索新型癌症疗法的作用,包括免疫检查点抑制剂和CAR T细胞疗法,在KTR中.
主要方法:
- 对流行病学数据和临床研究的综合文献综述.
- 对癌症查和等待时间的当前建议进行分析.
- 讨论治疗策略,包括免疫抑制调节和新瘤疗法.
主要成果:
- 即使在无症状的脏移植候选人中,也建议对潜伏恶性瘤进行移植前评估.
- 患有癌症史的个人需要对复发或新的原发性瘤进行警监测.
- 平衡免疫抑制减轻抗瘤免疫与移植体排斥风险的平衡是一个关键的挑战.
结论:
- 个性化风险效益评估对于KTR患者的癌症管理至关重要,特别是在不断发展的疗法中.
- 在KTR中进行移植前和移植后癌症查,预防和治疗的最佳策略需要进一步的研究.
- 新型癌症疗法在KTR的护理中带来了新的挑战和机会,需要仔细考虑疗效和安全性.
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