常规疫苗接种覆盖率 - 全球,2023年
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|October 31, 2024
概括
全球疫苗接种覆盖率在2022-2023年停滞不前,低于大流行前的水平,影响了2030年免疫议程的进展. 达到零剂量儿童,特别是在脆弱的环境中,对于减少疫苗可预防的疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 免疫接种计划 免疫接种计划
- 疫苗可以预防的疾病
背景情况:
- "2030年疫苗接种议程" (IA2030) 旨在减少疫苗可预防疾病 (VPD) 的发病率和死亡率.
- "COVID-19"大流行严重扰乱了全球卫生系统和疫苗接种工作.
- 常规疫苗接种覆盖率尚未恢复到大流行前的水平.
研究的目的:
- 介绍到2023年的例行疫苗接种覆盖率估计趋势.
- 评估全球事件对疫苗接种目标的影响.
- 确定在实现公平疫苗接种覆盖率方面面临的挑战.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 和联合国儿童基金会常规疫苗接种覆盖率数据的分析.
- 检查了194个世卫组织成员国的数据.
- 专注于覆盖含甲状腺疹咳疫苗 (DTPcv) 和含麻疹疫苗 (MCV).
主要成果:
- 全球DTPcv和MCV第一剂量覆盖率在2022-2023年停滞不前,仍低于大流行前的水平.
- 脆弱,受冲突影响和脆弱 (FCV) 环境占全球未接种疫苗的儿童的一半 (14,500万).
- 引入新的疫苗,如非洲地区第二剂MCV疫苗,改善了保护.
结论:
- 需要紧急加快常规和补时免疫计划.
- 针对FCV环境中的未接种疫苗的儿童是减少VPDs的关键.
- 需要持续努力才能实现IA2030的目标,并防止VPD的复苏.
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