在100,000个基因组项目中对癌症患者进行大规模的药物基因组学分析,将全基因组测序和医疗记录结合起来,为临床实践提供信息
Ivone U S Leong1, Claudia P Cabrera2,3,4, Valentina Cipriani2
1Genomics England Ltd, Level 21 One Canada Square, London, United Kingdom.
概括
从全基因组测序 (WGS) 中报告药物遗传学 (PGx) 变异可以识别有药物毒性风险的癌症患者. 这种遗传信息有助于调整癌症药物剂量,以防止不良反应.
科学领域:
- 基因组医学是基因组医学.
- 药物基因组学 药物基因组学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 在临床环境中越来越多地使用.
- 识别对药物诱导毒性的遗传倾向对于个性化癌症治疗至关重要.
- 药物遗传学 (PGx) 变异可以预测患者对化疗药物的反应和毒性.
研究的目的:
- 评估在癌症患者中报告与药物诱导毒性相关的生殖系PGx变异的临床效用和影响.
- 评估将PGx变异报告集成到基因组医学服务中的可行性.
- 确定可采取行动的PGx变异在接受WGS的大队伍中的流行率.
主要方法:
- 对DPYD,NUDT15,TPMT和UGT1A1.1.中的PGx变异分析了来自76,805名参与者的生殖线WGS数据.
- 进行了一项全现象关联研究 (PheWAS),将基因组数据与临床记录联系起来,以确定不良药物反应 (ADR).
- 追溯收集了7,081名癌症患者的结局,其中DPYD变异被报告给临床医生.
主要成果:
- 在62.7%的队列中发现了临床相关的PGx变体.
- 英国每年大约有14540名患者可以从剂量调整或替代药物中受益.
- 在接受capecitabine或fluorouracil的患者中,DPYD变体和毒性表型之间确实存在显著的关联.
结论:
- 报告生殖系PGx变异与癌症发现一起,对优化处方和减少ADRs具有临床信息性.
- 扩大可操作变异的识别范围,包括多样化的祖先,将增强临床影响.
- 基因组医学服务可以有效地利用WGS数据,在癌症治疗中获得可操作的PGx见解.
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