较低的碳/比的生物机制增加了植物废物堆肥过程中甲排放的生物机制
Yunfeng Chen1, Jingang Xu2, Bo Liu1
1Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
The Science of the total environment
|October 31, 2024
概括
较低的碳/ (C/N) 比率在植物废物堆肥过程中显著增加甲 (CH4) 排放. 这是通过增强甲原体种群和活性而发生的,尽管它也促进了甲氧化.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 最初的碳/ (C/N) 比率对于堆肥至关重要,影响了温室气体排放,如甲 (CH4).
- 了解C/N比对CH4排放和植物废物堆肥中的微生物机制的影响至关重要,但基本上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同初始C/N比率 (18,30和50) 在豆堆肥过程中对CH4排放的影响.
- 阐明涉及甲基生物和甲基类生物的相关生物机制.
主要方法:
- 在实验室规模的堆肥实验中,使用三种C/N比率处理:低 (L,18),中等 (M,30) 和高 (H,50).
- 分析CH4排放,微生物群落结构 (使用16S rRNA基因测序) 和功能基因 (甲基生物的mcrA,甲基的pmoA).
- 结构方程建模以确定微生物群落和基质组成对CH4排放的影响.
主要成果:
- 在低C/N比率 (L) 处理中,累积的CH4排放量明显高 (10.8至15.4倍).
- 较低的C/N比率增加了甲原体 (例如,Methanoculleus) 和甲类植物的相对丰度和多样性.
- 甲性社区受到基质成分如半纤维素和纤维素的影响,对CH4排放的影响比甲类植物更大.
结论:
- 较低的初始C/N比率显著增加了植物废物堆肥过程中的CH4排放.
- 这种增长主要是由于甲素种群和社区结构的调节.
- 无论是CH4的生产路径还是氧化路径都受到影响,但甲生成在净排放结果中占主导地位.
相关概念视频
01:20Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
7.8K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
7.8K
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
2
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
2
01:40Overview of Metabolism
29.5K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
29.5K
01:15Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
2
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
2
02:11The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
35.1K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
35.1K
01:49The Nitrogen Cycle
51.7K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
51.7K