动物园老虎,狮子和的SARS-CoV-2宿主群体扩张,多样化和适应
Laura Bashor1, Emily N Gallichotte1, Michelle Galvan1
1Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 1, 2024
概括
在单次溢出事件后,SARS-CoV-2在阿穆尔虎,狮子和身上迅速适应. 这项研究确定了关键突变,揭示了这些非家禽中的加速病毒进化和宿主特异性适应.
科学领域:
- * 病毒学 病毒学
- * 进化生物学 进化生物学
- * 基因组学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- *SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 可以感染各种动物物种,导致宿主内部的进化.
- *已记录了SARS-CoV-2从动物传播回人类的情况,这突显了新型变种的风险.
- * 了解非化物种中的病毒适应对于公共卫生和保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- * 为了研究SARS-CoV-2的进化和宿主特异性适应在阿穆尔虎,非洲狮子和斑点.
- * 在物种间爆发期间识别选择的基因组特征和潜在的适应性突变.
- * 评估SARS-CoV-2传播和适应在被捕野生动物中的风险.
主要方法:
- *从感染动物的纵向样本中对SARS-CoV-2的基因组测序.
- *对宿主内部病毒变异的分析和选择特征的识别.
- *比较基因组学以检测特定物种的适应性突变.
主要成果:
- * 罕见的三角洲亚系的一次溢出引发了疫情,从老虎到狮子,再到.
- *SARS-CoV-2种群在宿主中迅速多样化,显示了净化和积极选择的迹象.
- *在身上观察到强烈的阳性选择,特别是在核体 (N) 基因中. 确定了四种候选物种特定的适应突变 (N A254V,ORF1a E1724D,尖端T274I,N P326L).
结论:
- *SARS-CoV-2在非家养物种中经过宿主转移后表现出加速适应.
- *鉴定的突变可能有助于提高这些物种的病毒适应性或宿主适应性.
- *这些发现强调了SARS-CoV-2在野生动物中演变的潜力,对动物和人类健康构成风险.
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