一个由重力驱动的组织芯片,用于研究癌症治疗药物的疗效和毒性
Pouria Rafsanjani Nejad1, Astha Lamichhane1, Prasiddha Guragain1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA. tavana@uakron.edu.
Lab on a chip
|November 1, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的3D打印32单元组织芯片,用于高通量临床前药物查. 这种创新的器官芯片模型有效地评估肝脏和骨髓模型中的癌症药物疗效和毒性.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 在临床试验中癌症药物的高失败率需要改进临床前模型.
- 传统的临床前模型往往缺乏对药物的有效性和毒性的预测能力.
- 现有的组织芯片技术在自动化和可扩展性方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个新的,可自动化的器官在芯片平台,用于增强临床前癌症药物评估.
- 创建一个模拟瘤,肝脏和骨髓相互作用的多器官系统.
- 为了使药物有效性和毒性的同时评估在一个高通量格式.
主要方法:
- 通过3D打印设计和制造了一块32个单位的组织芯片,采用96个井板格式.
- 内置的重力驱动流量,消除了对外部的需求.
- 利用有限元模拟来分析流体动力学和氧气运输.
- 使用常见的细胞毒性癌症药物对瘤,肝脏和骨髓细胞进行验证平台.
主要成果:
- 在每个组织芯片单元中成功整合了肝脏,瘤和骨髓肌瘤隔间.
- 确认有效的流量,混合和氧气运输对于维持组织活力至关重要.
- 成功评估了细胞毒药物对癌细胞的疗效及其对非标组织的毒性.
- 展示了平台的高通量药物查能力.
结论:
- 新的3D打印组织芯片为临床前癌症药物发现提供了一个可扩展和可自动化的解决方案.
- 这种器官芯片模型为评估药物的疗效和毒性提供了更具预测性的平台.
- 该技术有可能在药物开发的早期阶段显著改善有前途的治疗方法的选择.
相关概念视频
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There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
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02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
02:49Cancer Therapies
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
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