在学习者的许可阶段,成年人监督的实践具有显著但有限的能力来提高安全驾驶技能
Xiaoxia Dong1, Jasmine Siyu Wu1, Elizabeth A Walshe2
1Department of City and Regional Planning, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Traffic injury prevention
|November 1, 2024
概括
大多数没有监督驾驶时间的青少年都有严重的驾驶问题. 额外的监督练习时间对改善青少年驾驶表现的影响很小,这表明目前的方法可能不足以培养安全驾驶技能.
科学领域:
- 交通安全研究 交通安全研究
- 青少年驾驶员教育 青少年驾驶员教育
- 驾驶过程中的人类因素
背景情况:
- 大多数美国州要求在18岁之前获得驾驶执照的青少年驾驶员在成人监督下练习.
- 之前关于监督实践在培养安全驾驶技能的有效性方面的研究由于不一致的绩效指标而得不到结论.
研究的目的:
- 调查成年人监督的练习时间数量与青少年学习者许可证持有者的驾驶表现和技能缺陷之间的关系.
- 评估是否增加监督实践与16岁和17岁年轻人驾驶表现的改善相关.
主要方法:
- 利用了宾夕法尼亚州441名青少年学习者许可证持有者 (16-17岁) 的数据.
- 雇员虚拟驾驶评估 (VDA) 和自我报告的监督实践时间分类为没有,<15,15-<65,≥65小时.
- 统计分析包括奇平方测试和二项逻辑回归来检查练习时间和VDA驾驶课程之间的关联 (主要问题与小问题/没有问题).
主要成果:
- 智方测试显示,监督练习时间和VDA驾驶课程之间存在较弱的关联.
- 报告零监督练习小时的青少年与实践者相比,显著更有可能表现出严重的驾驶问题.
- 报告的不同级别的监督实践 (即<15,15-<65,≥65小时) 中没有观察到统计学上显著的驾驶性能差异.
- 与正式教练一起练习并没有显示与VDA驾驶课程的显著关联.
结论:
- 目前的成年人监督的练习习惯似乎在显著改善青少年驾驶表现方面具有有限的有效性,即使增加了驾驶时间.
- 一些青少年可能没有充分准备应对评估中提出的复杂驾驶场景,无论监督实践的持续时间如何.
- 调查结果表明,需要重新评估和潜在地提高监督驾驶实践协议,以确保发展强大的安全驾驶技能.
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