年龄和支对车辆乘客在雪模拟避险转过程中的反应的影响
Kenneth Berkery1,2, Thomas Seacrist1, Sriram Balasubramanian2
1Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Traffic injury prevention
|November 1, 2024
概括
在模拟的碰撞前动作中,车有效地减少了所有年龄段的车辆乘客在模拟碰撞前动作中的失位姿势. 即使没有支架,儿童的运动也比青少年和成年人少,原因是部肌肉活化增加.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 交通运输中的人类因素
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 位置外的姿势增加了车辆操纵过程中受伤的风险.
- 众所周知,胸罩可以减少这些姿势在成年人.
- 支架对儿童乘客的影响不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查支对不同年龄组车辆乘客运动的影响.
- 为了确定年龄如何影响乘客在模拟事故前事件中的运动.
- 为了比较支架与非支架条件在动力学和肌肉激活方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 40名年龄在9-40岁之间的受试者参与了雪模拟的避开性倾斜动作.
- 实验在支和不支的条件下进行.
- 3D运动捕捉,电肌图 (EMG) 和负载细胞测量了动力学,肌肉激活和安全带力量.
主要成果:
- 与没有支架的情况相比,支架在所有参与者身上显著减少了头部和干部的移位.
- 在没有拥抱的情况下,儿童表现出最少的运动,而青少年表现出最大的运动.
- 儿童的部肌肉活化更高,安全带负荷在所有年龄段的无支架条件下都更大.
结论:
- 护是一种普遍有效的策略,用于减少车辆乘客的外置姿势.
- 运动和肌肉激活存在与年龄相关的差异,青少年在没有拥抱时表现出更大的移位.
- 在无的场景中,乘客更多地依赖安全带而不是肌肉,这凸显了安全带正确配合和互动的重要性.
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