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相关概念视频

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep...
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Arteries of the Lower Limbs01:24

Arteries of the Lower Limbs

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions01:30

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions

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The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses...
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Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
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相关实验视频

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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嗅觉功能障碍和边缘性低活化在叶中

Markus Schmidt1,2, Tobias Bauer1,2,3, Marcel Kehl2

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Human brain mapping
|November 2, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

患有叶 (TLE) 的人经历嗅觉功能障碍,将气味评为更中性和不太熟悉. 功能性MRI显示,与健康对照人群相比,TLE患者与边缘系统相关的嗅觉区域的激活减少.

关键词:
功能性核磁共振成像 (MRI) 功能性核磁共振成像神经系统疾病 神经系统疾病嗅觉测量是一种嗅觉测量.嗅觉是指嗅觉上的嗅觉.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 神经学 神经学
  • 嗅觉研究 嗅觉研究

背景情况:

  • 时间叶 (TLE) 涉及嗅觉皮层结构,嗅觉功能障碍和光环是常见的症状.
  • 在TLE中的发性网络包括皮质皮质,内腔皮质,杏仁体和海马体,所有这些都是嗅觉处理的组成部分.

研究的目的:

  • 用嗅觉测试和功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 来描述TLE患者的嗅觉功能.
  • 调查TLE中嗅觉处理缺陷的神经相关物.

主要方法:

  • 预期招募20名单边TLE患者和20名健康对照人群.
  • 使用选嗅探棒测试和对气味强度,价值,熟悉度和记忆的主观评分进行嗅觉功能的评估.
  • fMRI实验涉及重复闻到eugenol (愉快),酸 (不愉快) 和对照溶液的气味,具有气味强度等级和获得EPI,T1,T2和FLAIR图像.

主要成果:

  • 与健康对照组相比,患有TLE的个体将气味评为明显更中性和不太熟悉 (FDR-p <0.05).
  • 在对TLE患者的愉快和不愉快气味进行比较时,fMRI分析显示,与边缘系统 (例如海马体) 连接的二次嗅觉区域的响应对比率降低.
  • 在嗅觉系统激活中没有观察到显著的侧面化效应.

结论:

  • 叶与嗅觉功能障碍有关.
  • 与边缘系统相连的二次嗅觉结构的低活化是TLE的一个关键特征,有助于嗅觉缺陷.
  • 这些发现提高了对TLE病理生理学的理解.