非最佳的温度导致过早死亡导致劳动生产率负担:一项多国研究
Bo Wen1, Zanfina Ademi2, Yao Wu1
1Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Environment international
|November 3, 2024
概括
非最佳的温度会导致大量的劳动生产率损失,以生产率调整后寿命年 (PALY) 损失来衡量. 在社会经济上处于劣势的社区,由于极端的高温和寒冷而遭受的损失不成比例.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 非最佳温度对全球死亡率有很大影响.
- 以前的研究忽视了与温度相关的过早死亡对劳动生产力的影响.
- 这项研究量化了劳动生产率损失,并确定了社会经济脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 量化与因非最佳温度而导致的过早死亡相关的劳动生产率负担.
- 探索与温度相关的生产力损失相关的社会经济脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 利用来自7个国家的1066个地点的每日所有原因死亡数据.
- 每个过早死亡的计算生产率调整生命年 (PALY) 损失.
- 采用两阶段时间序列设计与通用线性回归来分析温度-PALY关联.
主要成果:
- 在温度和PALY损失之间观察到U形关系.
- 非最佳温度占PALY总损失的2.51%,寒冷和热量贡献几乎相等.
- 寒冷的温度影响了老年工作群体 (45-64岁),而热量影响了年轻人 (15-44岁).
- 极端热的PALY损失分数与贫困呈正相关,与人均GDP呈负相关.
结论:
- 在全球范围内,非最佳温度给劳动生产率带来了相当大的负担.
- 在社会经济上处于不利地位的人群由于温度极端而经历了更大的生产力损失.
- 研究结果强调了有针对性的公共卫生和经济政策的必要性.
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