数据驱动的方法开发一个风险评分为周围假肢关节感染在整体关节整形术使用电子健康记录的风险评分
Hilal Maradit Kremers1, Cody C Wyles2, Joshua P Slusser3
1Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
The Journal of arthroplasty
|November 3, 2024
概括
在关节塑造术后开发准确的模型来预测周围假肢关节感染 (PJI) 风险,显示了机器学习的适度改进. 增强的电子健康记录数据在PJI风险分层中提供了有限的收益.
科学领域:
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
背景情况:
- 周围假肢关节感染 (PJI) 是全面关节整形术后的一个重大并发症.
- 个性化风险预测和管理对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 为开发预测模型提供大规模数据.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估数据驱动的,针对手术的模型,用于预测PJI风险.
- 评估增强EHR数据和机器学习方法对PJI预测的有用性.
主要方法:
- 从2000年至2019年使用了大型关节整形注册表 (58,574次手术,41,844名患者).
- 增强的注册表数据与EHR临床,程序和实验室变量 (>100个预测因素).
- 实现传统和机器学习模型 (例如,拉索,随机森林,XGBoost,神经网络) 具有十倍的交叉验证.
主要成果:
- 所有模型都在PJI风险预测中表现出类似的歧视 (c统计差异<0.08).
- 放松的拉索模型显示了最高的一致性:0.787 (初级部),0.722 (修订部),0.681 (初级膝盖),0.699 (修订膝盖).
- 在四个手术组 (初级/修改部/膝盖) 中,预测者差异很大.
结论:
- 通过电子健康记录来增加数据,在PJI风险分层中只带来了有限的改善.
- 机器学习方法在PJI风险预测方面取得了适度的改进,可能无法证明增加的复杂性.
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