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在中自杀的发生率,方法和情况:瑞典的一项基于人口的研究
Sara Melin1, Torbjörn Tomson1, Olafur Sveinsson2
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&B
|November 3, 2024
概括
与一般人群相比,患有的人面临的自杀风险是两倍的,中年成人和女性的风险较高. 这项研究强调了在病护理中需要有针对性的自杀预防策略.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与自杀风险增加有关,但关于发病率和脆弱子组的综合数据仍然有限.
- 了解患者自杀的具体风险和情况对于有效预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定瑞典患者自杀的发生率.
- 将患者的自杀风险与普通人群进行比较.
- 检查患者的自杀方法和情况,以告知预防工作.
主要方法:
- 在1998-2005年期间,瑞典确诊了60952名被诊断患有的人群 (ICD G40).
- 自杀病例 (n=190) 在2006-2011年通过国家死亡原因登记册记录.
- 医疗记录,死亡证明和尸检报告被审查以验证和收集有关自杀方法和情况的数据. 计算了标准化死亡率 (SMR).
主要成果:
- 整体自杀发生率为每10万人/年40.0.
- 自杀风险大约是普通人口的两倍 (SMR 2.03),女性的过度风险 (SMR 2.70) 与男性 (SMR 1.80) 相比较高.
- 发病率在45-64岁年龄组达到顶峰,中毒是最常见的自杀方法 (50%).
结论:
- 自杀在患者中显著过度,特别是在中年.
- 虽然患有的男性自杀的发生率较高,但与普通人群相比,女性的风险增加比例较大.
- 在患者群体中确定易受伤害的子组对于制定有针对性的自杀预防策略至关重要.
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