低成本材料用于从地下水中去除化物
Berhane Desta Gebrewold1, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh2, Pimluck Kijjanapanich3
1Bio and Emerging Technology Institute, P. O. Box 5954, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Journal of environmental management
|November 3, 2024
概括
饮用水中的高化物是全球性的健康问题. 使用当地可用的材料进行吸附是一种有效的,低成本的化物去除解决方案,特别是在发展中国家.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水的化学 水的化学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球地下水中的高化物含量对健康构成重大风险,超过世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的1.5毫克/升指南.
- 地质构造是地下水中化物的主要来源,岩,页岩和花岩等岩石的溶解释放出化物矿物质.
- 过量摄入化物与严重的健康问题有关,包括牙和骨化,神经损伤和内分泌疾病.
研究的目的:
- 审查和确定从饮用水中去除化物的具有成本效益和可访问的方法.
- 评估各种化物去除技术对发展中国家和农村社区的适用性.
- 突出吸附作为一种优越的技术,在资源有限的环境中进行脱化.
主要方法:
- 关于传统和先进的化物去除技术的综合文献综述.
- 吸附作为从地下水和废水中去除化物的有前途技术的分析.
- 评估吸附剂材料的性能,包括表面修改和再生以提高效率.
主要成果:
- 传统的方法 (膜技术,离子交换,凝固) 往往太昂贵和复杂,无法在发展中国家大规模应用.
- 吸附提供了一个简单的,低成本的替代方案,使用广泛的当地采购的吸附材料.
- 表面修改和吸附剂的再生显著提高了化物去除效率.
结论:
- 吸附是去除化物的最有效和实用的方法,特别是在资源有限的地区.
- 该技术的简单性,低运营成本和使用易于获得的材料使其成为全球确保安全饮用水的理想选择.
- 对吸附剂优化的进一步研究可以提高除化性能和可持续性.
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