运动抵消了床上休息对中老年人和老年人的执行功能的负面影响:一个概念验证随机对照试验
Guilherme M Balbim1, Ryan S Falck2, Cindy K Barha3
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, University of British Columbia, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, 5th Floor, 2635 Laurel St, Vancouver V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, 2635 Laurel Street, 6th Floor, Vancouver V5Z 1M9, Canada.
在14天的床上休息期间的运动训练在老年人中保留了执行功能的变化. 这种干预改善了认知表现的一致性,特别是在女性中,强调了运动.
科学领域:
- 老年学和运动科学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 在老年人中常见的长期不活动会导致负面的健康结果.
- 了解运动作为对抗床上休息不良影响的对策至关重要.
- 认知功能的变化是神经健康的敏感指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究运动训练在模拟长时间的床上休息期间对认知表现变化的影响.
- 评估运动作为对抗中老年和老年人不活动引起的认知衰退的对策的有效性.
- 为了检查基于性别的差异,在床上休息期间对运动的反应.
主要方法:
- 一个概念验证随机对照试验,涉及23名年龄在55-65岁的健康成年人.
- 参与者接受了14天的6°向下倾斜的卧床休息,其中一组每天接受运动.
- 用NIH工具箱认知电池评估认知功能 (执行功能,处理速度);使用剩余标准偏差和变化系数测量个体内变异性.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,运动组在执行功能 (Flanker任务) 中的个体内变化明显较低.
- 运动显著降低了女性的执行功能变异性,表明性别适度的影响.
- 两组之间没有观察到处理速度变化或整体认知总结得分的显著差异.
结论:
- 在床上休息期间的运动训练有效地保持了执行功能的个体内变化.
- 处理速度的变化没有受到运动干预的显著影响.
- 运动显示出作为减轻与老年人不活动相关的认知表现波动的对策的潜力.
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