应用数学框架,以优化精准奶牛的饮食
L M Campos1, H Ringer2, M Chung2
1School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061, VA, USA.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|November 4, 2024
概括
使用新模式优化奶牛的饮食,通过精确匹配动物需求来增加利. 与传统养方法相比,这种方法降低了料成本,并增加了牛奶收入.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
背景情况:
- 牛奶和料价格的波动需要精确的动物养策略,以最大限度地提高奶牛场的收入.
- 现有的养模式可能无法充分考虑个体动物的营养需求,从而导致经济结果低于最佳.
研究的目的:
- 评估养个人优化饮食 (IND) 的经济影响 (料成本和料成本相比的收入 - IOFC).
- 评估使用集群部分混合饮食 (CLU) 进行群体养和优化谷物混合的经济可行性.
- 将优化养策略的经济和生产成果与现有的农场饮食进行比较.
主要方法:
- 乳牛的营养需求模型的紧向量化版本的开发 (第8版修订版).
- 使用带有线性和非线性约束的非线性编程来优化配给以获得最大利.
- 该模型应用于来自弗吉尼亚理工学院奶牛群的个体动物和养数据,并纳入当前市场价格.
主要成果:
- 与集群饮食 (CLU) 相比,个人优化饮食 (IND) 导致料成本降低 (每天6.21美元/母牛) 和IOFC高 (每天6.22美元/母牛) (分别为每天6.38美元/母牛和每天5.90美元/母牛).
- 在IND饮食中,牛奶产量略高 (34.7公斤/母牛/天),而不是在CLU饮食中 (34.3公斤/母牛/天).
- 与先前存在的农场饮食 (7.41美元成本,5.42美元IOFC) 相比,优化的CLU饮食为235只动物提供了约240美元/天的潜在群体节省.
结论:
- 计算机驱动的优化方法可以有效地推导出个别动物食解决方案,提高食的精度.
- 部分混合饮食的集群技术提供了一种实际的方法,可以比目前的做法改进群体养策略.
- 优化养策略,特别是个人饮食优化,显示出乳制品运营可能带来显著的经济效益.
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