在低土壤下的开放授粉玉米品种和顶交叉种的使用效率
Sunday Ayodele Ige1, Bashir Omolaran Bello2, Jimoh Mahamood3
1Department of Crop Science, Landmark University, Omuaran, 370102, Nigeria.
Heliyon
|November 4, 2024
概括
在低条件下的开放授粉品种 (OPV) 和顶交叉品种中,应用化肥显著提高了玉米的谷物产量和利用效率 (NUE). 环境因素在特征表达中起到了比遗传学更大的作用,这表明操纵条件可以提高表现.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 玉米 (Zea mays L.) 是一个重要的全球作物,通常在缺乏的土壤上种植.
- 优化利用效率 (NUE) 对可持续农业和降低肥料成本至关重要.
- 开放授粉品种 (OPV) 和它们的交叉 (顶交叉) 是玉米改良的重要遗传资源.
研究的目的:
- 在不同低条件下评估开放授粉玉米品种的利用效率 (NUE).
- 评估应用化肥对玉米谷物产量和相关农学特征的影响.
- 识别有前途的玉米基因型和杂交,以提高气有限的环境中的性能.
主要方法:
- 实地实验是在尼日利亚伊洛林进行的,涉及两个作物季节 (2019-2020年).
- 采用分块设计,使用处理 (0,45,90公斤N ha-1) 作为主要块和基因型作为子块.
- 测量包括利用效率 (NUE),谷物产量和其他农学特征;进行了基因差异分析.
主要成果:
- 与没有气应用相比,气应用 (45公斤N ha-1) 显著增加了OPV和Topcrosses的NUE和谷物产量.
- 特定栽培品种 (Dmr-Esr Y Cif 2,Acr 95 Tze Comp 4C3) 和顶交叉品种显示出对谷物产量和NUE的高潜力.
- 根据PCV和GCV分析,环境因素对特征变异的影响比遗传因素更大.
结论:
- 有针对性的肥管理可以显著提高玉米谷物产量和NUE,特别是在低土壤中.
- 某些玉米品种及其顶交叉品种具有低耐受性的理想特征,为育种计划提供了潜力.
- 环境操纵,与遗传选择一起,可以是改善在压下玉米表现的有效策略.
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