微生物群和认知障碍:当前的挑战和未来的前景
Guillaume Chapelet1,2,3, Wendy Noble2, Pascal Derkinderen1
1Nantes University, Inserm, TENS, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases, IMAD, Nantes, France.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|November 5, 2024
概括
肠道微生物群可能会影响认知功能. 较低的有益细菌和多样性与认知障碍有关,表明肠道细菌是认知脆弱性的潜在生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 新兴研究表明,肠道微生物群与大脑健康之间存在联系.
- 认知障碍通常与肠道微生物多样性减少和有益细菌减少有关.
研究的目的:
- 探索肠道微生物群作为潜在的认知脆弱性生物标志物的作用.
- 突出需要进一步研究连接微生物群,生活方式和认知健康的机制.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道微生物群和认知功能的最新研究的综述.
- 分析微生物组成和认知障碍之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 有认知障碍的个体表现出改变的肠道微生物群概况,其特点是有益细菌较少,多样性较低.
- 肠道微生物群的组成可以作为对认知能力下降的敏感性指标.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群是理解和潜在地干预认知健康的一个有希望的领域.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明因果关系,并确定有效的预防和治疗策略.
相关概念视频
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
449
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
449
01:30Dementia
97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
97
01:27Language and Cognition
326
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
326
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
98
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
98
01:17Cognitivism
1.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.4K
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
58
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
58